Improvement in roofing material



UNITE CYRUS M. WARREN, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN ROOFING MATERIAL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. R 79,828, dated July 11, 1873; application filed January 11, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUS M. WARREN, of Brookline, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and lmproved Roofing Material, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention consists in a roofing material composed of native bitumen or asphaltum, and the residuum of petroleum or candle-tar; also, in a roofing material composed of paper or felt saturated or coated (or both) with a compound made of native bitumen or asphaltum and the heavy oil or residuum of petroleum or candle-tar, or saturated with either of these last-named non-volatile oils or tar.

In preparing a roofing material, great care must be taken to select non-volatile materials which will not melt and run by the action of the suns rays, but which can be readily melted by artificial heat and spread on the roof, or used for saturating or coating paper or felt. The roofing materials most commonly used, such as coal-tar pitch or coal-tar, are largely composed of volatile matters, and if the same are spread on aroof and exposed for a certain time to the influence of the atmosphere, the volatile matters evaporate, the roofing material becomes brittle and full of cracks, and the roof is spoiled; or, if such roofing materials are applied to paper or felt, this paper or felt,

' flnence of the atmosphere, and I have, therefore, added to such native bitumens a quantity of the residuum of petroleum or candle-tar, snfficient to render the mixture tenacious and durable during alLseasons of the year.

Candle-tar is a residual product obtained by distilling candle-stock, and the residuum of petroleum is obtained, in the same manner, by distilling petroleum; and since it requires a very high temperature to accomplish these objects, the residuums obtained are of such a nature that they can stand the various intluences of the atmosphere Without undergoing any change.

The proportion in which I mix the native bitumen and candle-tar or residuum of petroleum together depends, chiefly, upon the nature of the bitumen, and the place Where the material is to be used. My roofing material may also be employed in combination with paper or felt, either by saturating such paper or felt, or by coating it with the compound.

The apparatus employed in saturating the paper or felt is the same as that in common use for saturating with coal-tar, and the process differs only in substituting for the latter the tarry residuum of petroleum or candle-tar thickened with native bitumen or asphaltum. Paper or felt saturated with this material will remain permanently soft and flexible, and the pitchlike compound soft and elastic.

When it is desired to make the roofing paper or felt compact and clean to handle, and adapt it to other uses, such as sheathing or laying under slates or shingles, Icoat the surfaces of the saturated or unsaturated felt or paper by passing it through the melted pitchlike compound, (made hard enough, in this case, to prevent its running on a steep surface when exposed to the sun,) and thence be tween hot press cylinders. If one surface only is to be coated, I pass the paper or felt over and in contact with a'revolving cylinder, partly immersed in the melted pitch-like material, and thence between the hot press-cylinders, as before. In addition to this, the surface may be dusted, as the felt leaves the press-cylinders, with a suitable pulverized material, and by any convenient method.

In preparing my compound a portion of. resin may be substituted for an equivalent portion of the native bitumen or asphaltum.

A good roofing material is obtained, also, by saturating paper or felt with either of the non-volatile oils above stated, such as the heavy oil or the residuum of petroleum or candle-tar.

What I claim as new, and desire to Secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A roofing material composed of native bitumen or asphaltum and the heavy oil or substantially as set forth.

residuum of petroleum or candle-tar mixed tocandle-tar, or any mixture of the same, subgether, substantially as specified. stantially as described.

2. A roofing material made of paper or felt In testimony that I claim the foregoing I coated or saturated (or both) with a compound have hereunto set my hand and seal this 7th of native bitumen or asphaltum, and the heavy day of January 1876.

oil or residuum of petroleum or candle-tar, CYRUS. M WARREN S J 3. A roofing material made of paper or felt Witnesses: saturated with a non-volatile oil, such as the W. HAUFF, heavy oil or the residuum of petroleum or E. F. KASTENHUBER. 

